In Romagna, for many, on February 9th is a day of celebration. And if, unfortunately, this strange country has not fixed the official holiday on the calendar, not realizing the great moral value, there are many Romagna taking a day off, and companies and cooperatives that make a collective day of leave ... But since out of the Free State of Romagna even the school by raising awareness of this important page in our history, the post would therefore these lines for those curious or those who, like me, still feels a minimum of interest origins of this country, and gratitude for those who voluntarily have committed their lives ...
In 1846 the election of Pius IX, erroneously considered a reformist, aroused great hope among patriori Italians, but in a few months we noticed that these were vain hopes. Even after just two years, nell'arretrato Papal , governments, increasingly unpopular, follow one after another more and more weak and invisible to the resignation of popolazione.Dopo Mamiani and short-lived government of Edward Fabbri, was numinous Pellegrino Rossi, who behaved like a true reactionary. In
November 1848, at the approach of the opening of the Chambers, He attracted a strong contingent of troops to prevent the likely popular unrest, but that decision even more red-hot tempers.
the 15th, surrounded by the crowd, was killed with a knife. In Rome, the chorus sounded "... blessed the hand that killed the Red ..." . In the House had not even dare to commemorate him. That killing, in fact, he had alienated the sympathies patriots, indeed. The people began to see the weaknesses of the Papal States, a glimmer of light at the end of the century-old tunnel. While the events and rushed Ciceruacchio held rallies anywhere in the districts also popular in Rome, Pius IX was forced to prepare for the appointment of a government of moderates. But terrified by the lack of security in Rome, on the night of November 24 fled to Gaeta, disguised as a priest .
While moderate in difficulty for the escape of the Pope, trying to save the government of the Papal States, from Florence Giuseppe Montanelli made a proposal to convene a Constituent Assembly. Mazzini himself was in favor.
Tired and demoralized, the Romans had the unexpected help of thousands of young Republicans, from all over Italy converged on Rome . "was the most intelligent, noble and daring of youth at all resigned to living in a country Divided .
Tired and demoralized, the Romans had the unexpected help of thousands of young Republicans, from all over Italy converged on Rome . "was the most intelligent, noble and daring of youth at all resigned to living in a country Divided .
December 5 Mazzini writes to the Romans: ... Pius IX fled: The Escape is an abdication. Electoral Prince, he does not leave behind it a dynasty. You are, in fact, the republic. "
were useless attempts by conservatives to discredit and undermine the Republicans: the humiliating negotiations with Gaeta had in fact taken any authority and prestige to the moderates. Circles popular Romagna and the Marche were expressed for the election of a Constituent Assembly acting on the future of the State . The elections were held on 21 January 1849, February 5 would open the meeting.
were useless attempts by conservatives to discredit and undermine the Republicans: the humiliating negotiations with Gaeta had in fact taken any authority and prestige to the moderates. Circles popular Romagna and the Marche were expressed for the election of a Constituent Assembly acting on the future of the State . The elections were held on 21 January 1849, February 5 would open the meeting.
The Pope gave his excommunication from Gaeta, but to no avail: the state is already underway in all the election activities. High voter turnout: in Rome, about 35,000 voters, voters were 25,000. The election, after a hard struggle with the moderates, were won by Republicans.
For four days, without interruption, the Assembly discussed the form of government. After dozens of operations was the turn of Monghini , deputy of Ravenna: "If I may restrict the discussion of 'my colleagues, I believe that only three parties are reduced to take, or Pope, or the Provisional Government, Pope Repubblica.Del or ashamed to speak the Provisional Government would not be a prolonged agony, then all that remains is the Republic. "
a Hours, 9 February 1849, founded the Roman Republic .
By a vote of the decree: Article 1
The Papacy has been deprived of fact and law from the time of the Roman government.
Article 2
The Roman Pontiff will have all the guarantees necessary for independence in the exercise of his spiritual power. Article 3
Form government of the Roman state will be pure democracy and take the glorious name of the Roman Republic. Article 4
The Roman Republic will have relations with the rest of Italy, which requires the common nationality .(...)
The Republic offers a guarantee to the Church to be able to freely conduct their work Spiritual but not enough. While Rome to write a constitution that is still an example of modernity and democracy, while giving shape to the army, police, state restructuring and the economy, the Pope tries to find a foreign army to enable him to sit down again - by head of state - Rome.
The danger seems to Austria, which is marching his army to the south. But the French expeditionary force under the command of General Oudinot, not running to help the Republicans. Against the wish of the French people and his Assenblea, the expeditionary force landed at Civitavecchia in order to restore Pope Pius IX in Rome.
Thus began, on April 30, 1849, the epic and desperate defense of the city defense that generated most splendid examples of value and self-sacrifice in the name of the pure ideals of freedom and homeland.
Thus began, on April 30, 1849, the epic and desperate defense of the city defense that generated most splendid examples of value and self-sacrifice in the name of the pure ideals of freedom and homeland.
The French enter Rome on July 4, just hours after the Constitution was promulgated between rifle shots and cannon. That Constitution, democratic and modern, would have been the mainstay of Italian regeneration ...
The farewell of the triumvirate (Saffi, Mazzini, stoats):
Romans!
A cloud now stands between you and the future, it is a cloud of ora.Durante in constant awareness of your rights and faith, for which they died, armed apostles, many of the best among you. God wants us to Rome and will be great and free. Your defeat is not: it is victory of the martyrs, to whom the tomb is to scale the sky. When the sky shines radiant resurrection for you - when, soon now, the price of sacrifice, that you met gladly for the love, you will be paid for - then you can remember the men who lived for months in your life, suffer your pain today, and will fight, if necessary, tomorrow, mixed in your ranks, new your battles.
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is why, even today, is celebrated in Romagna, February 9, the proclamation of the Republic Romana.Repubblica Roman who was killed by an army much more powerful, the pay of the temporal power papalino.Ed here because, among people who know and handed down the significance of this small piece of history, you can not yet so easy to accept the interference of clerics.
... and without the French invasion, perhaps the history of the Italian people would have been different, and maybe today we feel a bit 'more Italians, we would have a little' over the state and sense of dignity ...
... and without the French invasion, perhaps the history of the Italian people would have been different, and maybe today we feel a bit 'more Italians, we would have a little' over the state and sense of dignity ...
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